Top 20 Experiences to do in Colombia

Immersing in Urban Vibrancy and Colonial History

1. Stroll Through La Candelaria, Bogotá

Bogotá’s historical heart, La Candelaria, invites a leisurely exploration of its cobbled lanes and time-worn charm. Here, centuries of history are etched into the colourful facades of colonial-era buildings, their wooden balconies often overflowing with flowers. As you wander, you’ll inevitably be drawn towards the grand Plaza Bolívar, the city’s principal square, surrounded by imposing structures like the Primary Cathedral, the Palace of Justice, and the National Capitol.

Beyond these landmarks, La Candelaria reveals a bohemian spirit. It is a district animated by university students, artists, and a vibrant cultural scene. Discover hidden courtyards housing quaint cafés, browse artisan shops, or delve into Colombia’s rich heritage at the renowned Museo del Oro or the Botero Museum, which showcases the distinctive work of Colombia’s most famous artist. Allowing oneself to simply meander, without a strict itinerary, often yields the most delightful discoveries in this captivating quarter.

2. Ride the Cable Car to Monserrate, Bogotá

Dominating Bogotá’s eastern skyline, Monserrate mountain offers an unparalleled perspective of the sprawling capital. Reaching its summit, typically via a scenic cable car (teleférico) or a funicular railway, is an experience in itself, as the city unfurls beneath you. For the devout or the particularly energetic, a pilgrim path also winds its way up the mountainside.

At an altitude of over 3,100 metres, the air is crisp and the views are truly expansive. A 17th-century church, a site of pilgrimage, crowns the peak, lending a serene atmosphere to the location. While there are also restaurants and craft stalls, the primary allure remains the panoramic vista. Witnessing the city lights twinkle into existence at dusk, or observing the early morning mist gradually unveil the urban expanse, provides a memorable and often contemplative moment.

3. Explore Cartagena’s Historic Walled City

Stepping into Cartagena’s “Ciudad Amurallada” is akin to entering a living museum, a UNESCO World Heritage site where Caribbean vivacity meets colonial grandeur. Enclosed by formidable stone walls built centuries ago to protect against pirates, this historic centre captivates with its narrow streets, sun-drenched plazas, and exquisitely preserved architecture. Buildings painted in a palette of warm ochres, deep blues, and vibrant pinks are adorned with bougainvillea-laden wooden balconies.

Key landmarks such as the iconic Torre del Reloj (Clock Tower), the imposing Castillo San Felipe de Barajas (just outside the main walls but integral to its defence), and the serene Plaza de Bolívar, invite exploration. The nearby Getsemaní neighbourhood, with its edgier, artistic vibe and colourful street art, offers a compelling counterpoint. Allow ample time to wander, to feel the sea breeze through the rampart openings, and to absorb the enchanting atmosphere that has captivated visitors for generations. Horse-drawn carriages clip-clop along the cobblestones, adding to the timeless romance of the place.

4. Witness Transformation in Medellín’s Comuna 13

Once a neighbourhood synonymous with a challenging past, Medellín’s Comuna 13 now stands as a powerful testament to resilience, community spirit, and profound urban transformation. Visiting this hillside area offers a moving insight into how innovative social projects and art can foster positive change. The introduction of a series of outdoor escalators, a remarkable feat of urban engineering, has not only improved accessibility for residents but has also become a symbol of Medellín’s forward-thinking approach.

The true story of Comuna 13, however, is told through its vibrant street art. Murals and graffiti adorn walls throughout the district, depicting narratives of hope, local heroes, and cultural identity. Engaging with a local guide can provide deeper context to these artworks and the community’s journey. The atmosphere is now one of energy and optimism, often filled with the sounds of hip-hop and impromptu dance performances, showcasing a community that has redefined its future.

5. Learn to Salsa Dance in Cali

Recognised globally as a “Salsa Capital,” Cali pulsates with a rhythm that is infectious and deeply ingrained in its cultural fabric. To truly connect with the spirit of this vibrant city, immersing oneself in its salsa scene is an essential experience. Whether you are a complete novice or possess some dancing flair, Cali offers abundant opportunities to learn the intricate footwork and fluid movements of this passionate dance.

Numerous dance schools cater to all levels, providing expert tuition in a welcoming environment. Beyond formal lessons, the true magic unfolds in the city’s “salsotecas” – lively salsa clubs where locals and visitors alike gather to dance the night away. Here, you can witness breathtaking displays of skill or simply soak in the electrifying atmosphere. In Cali, salsa is more than mere entertainment; it is a form of social expression, a celebration of life, and an integral part of the Caleño identity.

Journeying Through the Coffee Triangle (Eje Cafetero)

The Coffee Triangle, or Eje Cafetero, is a region where the verdant mountains cradle one of Colombia’s most cherished traditions: coffee cultivation. Comprising primarily the departments of Caldas, Risaralda, and Quindío, this area offers more than just exceptional coffee; it presents a landscape of profound beauty, a rich local culture, and an invitation to understand the meticulous journey from bean to cup. Venturing here is to immerse oneself in a gentler pace of life, where the aroma of coffee blossoms mingles with the fresh mountain air.

6. Hike the Cocora Valley’s Giant Wax Palms

The Valle de Cocora, nestled near the town of Salento, is a landscape of almost surreal beauty, famed for its towering Quindío wax palms (Ceroxylon quindiuense). As Colombia’s national tree, these slender giants can reach heights of up to 60 metres, standing like sentinels across the mist-laden green hills. A hike through Cocora Valley is an encounter with nature on a grand scale. Trails vary, offering options from gentle strolls through the valley floor to more demanding treks that ascend into the cloud forest, revealing breathtaking vistas at every turn.

The journey is often accompanied by the flitting presence of hummingbirds and the cool embrace of the Andean air. The characteristic mist that frequently rolls through the valley adds a layer of mystique, making the towering palms appear even more ethereal. It is advisable to be prepared for variable weather, as sunshine can quickly give way to cool showers in this mountainous terrain. The experience is less about conquering a peak and more about absorbing the unique atmosphere of this protected natural sanctuary.

7. Experience an Authentic Coffee Farm Tour

To truly appreciate Colombian coffee, one must understand its origins. An authentic coffee farm tour, or ‘finca’ tour, in the Eje Cafetero provides an intimate look into this world. These tours offer a journey from the coffee cherry to the brewed cup. Visitors can walk amongst the coffee plants, learning about the different varietals, the careful cultivation process, and the meticulous hand-picking of ripe cherries. Knowledgeable guides, often the farmers themselves, explain the subsequent stages: washing, depulping, drying, and roasting, each step crucial to the final quality of the coffee.

Beyond the technical aspects, these tours offer a glimpse into the lives and dedication of the coffee-growing families who have shaped this region for generations. The experience is often capped with a coffee tasting session, where one can discern the diverse notes and aromas that distinguish high-quality Colombian coffee. It’s an educational and sensory immersion that deepens one’s connection to this globally renowned beverage.

8. Discover the Charms of Salento

Salento, a picturesque town in the heart of the Quindío department, serves as a delightful gateway to the Cocora Valley and the surrounding coffee fincas. Its charm lies in its well-preserved colonial architecture, with brightly painted balconies and doors lining streets like the Calle Real. This main thoroughfare is a vibrant hub of activity, bustling with artisan shops offering local crafts, quaint cafés, and welcoming restaurants.

The pace of life in Salento is unhurried, inviting visitors to wander, observe, and absorb the local atmosphere. A walk up to the Alto de la Cruz viewpoint rewards with panoramic views of the town and the undulating green landscapes that stretch towards the mountains. Salento is also known for its culinary offerings, particularly fresh trout, often prepared with local ingredients. It is a place where one can easily spend a few days, soaking in the culture and natural beauty of the Coffee Triangle before or after explorations further afield.

Discovering Caribbean Coastal Paradises

Colombia’s Caribbean coast offers a captivating blend of sun-drenched beaches, lush natural parks, and unique geological formations. This region invites travellers to explore diverse ecosystems, from verdant rainforests meeting azure waters to expansive deserts, all while experiencing the vibrant local culture.

9. Trek in Tayrona National Natural Park

Tayrona National Natural Park, nestled at the foothills of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, is a sanctuary where the jungle tumbles down to meet the Caribbean Sea. This protected area is renowned for its stunning biodiversity, ancient Tayrona indigenous history, and some of Colombia’s most picturesque beaches. Trekking through Tayrona offers an immersion into a vibrant ecosystem, with trails winding through dense rainforest, over coastal hills, and opening onto breathtaking stretches of sand.

Popular routes lead to iconic beaches such as Cabo San Juan del Guía, with its distinctive hut perched atop a rocky outcrop, the calmer waters of La Piscina ideal for swimming, and the wilder beauty of Arrecifes. Along the way, one might encounter howler monkeys, a myriad of bird species, iguanas, and perhaps even the elusive jaguar, though sightings are rare. The trails vary in difficulty, but sturdy footwear and a reasonable level of fitness are recommended.

Visitors should be aware that the park periodically closes for ecological and spiritual restoration by the local indigenous communities. It is advisable to check official park schedules before planning a visit. Essential items to bring include ample water, insect repellent, sunscreen, and swimwear. Accommodation within the park ranges from hammocks and tents to more comfortable eco-habs, allowing for an extended stay to fully appreciate its natural splendour.

10. Unwind on the Rosario Islands

A short boat journey from the bustling port of Cartagena lies the Archipiélago de Nuestra Señora del Rosario, commonly known as the Rosario Islands. This collection of 27 coral islands forms part of a national park, dedicated to preserving its delicate marine ecosystems, particularly its vibrant coral reefs. The islands are a favoured destination for those seeking tranquil turquoise waters, white sandy beaches, and a respite from urban life.

The primary allure of the Rosario Islands is their idyllic Caribbean setting. Visitors can indulge in a variety of water-based activities such as snorkelling and diving to explore the rich underwater world, kayaking through mangroves, or simply swimming in the warm, clear sea. Many islands offer day-trip packages from Cartagena, which typically include transport, lunch, and access to beach facilities. For a more immersive experience, some islands provide overnight accommodation, ranging from rustic cabanas to more luxurious options.

While some islands are more developed with resorts and restaurants, others retain a more secluded and natural atmosphere. The Oceanario, an open-water aquarium, offers a chance to observe local marine life, including dolphins and sharks, in a contained yet naturalistic environment. Regardless of how one chooses to experience them, the Rosario Islands provide a perfect setting for relaxation and appreciation of Caribbean marine beauty.

11. Bathe in the El Totumo Mud Volcano

A rather unique and memorable experience awaits near Cartagena at the El Totumo Mud Volcano. This small volcano, rising approximately 15 metres, is filled not with lava, but with dense, mineral-rich mud. Legend has it that a local priest, believing the volcano to be the work of the devil, sprinkled holy water into it, transforming the fire and ash into therapeutic mud.

The experience involves climbing a wooden staircase to the crater’s rim and then descending into the surprisingly buoyant mud. The density of the mud allows bathers to float effortlessly, enjoying a rather unusual sensation. Locals are often on hand to offer massages for a small fee. It’s a playful and somewhat messy activity, believed by many to have skin-softening and therapeutic properties due to the mineral content of the mud.

After emerging from the mud bath, visitors proceed to a nearby lagoon where local women assist with washing off the mud – an experience in itself. While not a luxurious spa treatment, the El Totumo Mud Volcano offers a quirky and distinctly Colombian encounter, often eliciting laughter and providing a fun story to recount.

12. Venture to La Guajira Desert and Punta Gallinas

For an adventure into one of South America’s most striking and remote landscapes, a journey to the La Guajira Desert is unparalleled. Located at the northernmost tip of Colombia, and indeed the continent, this vast, arid region presents a dramatic contrast to the lush tropical areas found elsewhere in the country. Here, immense sand dunes meet the turquoise waters of the Caribbean Sea, creating scenery of stark and captivating beauty.

The journey to Punta Gallinas, the very northernmost point of South America, is an expedition in itself, typically undertaken in 4×4 vehicles across challenging desert tracks. This region is the ancestral home of the Wayuu people, an indigenous group with a rich cultural heritage, known for their resilience and vibrant crafts, particularly the intricately woven ‘mochila’ bags. Visitors will have opportunities to interact with Wayuu communities and learn about their traditions and way of life in this harsh environment.

Highlights of a trip to La Guajira include witnessing the breathtaking sunsets over the desert, marvelling at the towering Taroa Dunes that plunge directly into the sea, and experiencing the profound sense of remoteness and solitude. The wind is a constant companion in La Guajira, shaping the landscape and adding to its wild allure. This is not a journey for the faint of heart, but for those willing to embrace the adventure, La Guajira offers an unforgettable experience of raw nature and deep cultural immersion.

Venturing into Natural Wonders and Adventure Hotspots

Colombia’s diverse geography offers a splendid canvas for those who seek to engage with nature in its more dramatic forms or to test their spirit of adventure. From monolithic heights to subterranean marvels, and from rushing rivers to expansive canyons, the country presents a compelling array of experiences that quicken the pulse and broaden one’s perspective.

13. Climb El Peñol Rock in Guatapé

Near the vibrant town of Guatapé, a remarkable geological formation known as El Peñol, or La Piedra del Peñol, commands the landscape. This colossal granite monolith rises abruptly from the surrounding terrain, a silent sentinel overlooking the intricate network of lakes created by the Guatapé-El Peñol Dam. To reach its summit, one must ascend a staircase of over 700 steps, ingeniously built into a wide fissure on the rock’s side. The climb, while demanding a certain effort, is a journey in itself, with each step offering progressively wider views.

Upon reaching the viewing platform at the top, visitors are rewarded with an encompassing panorama of the Peñol-Guatapé reservoir. The intricate lacework of green islands set against the blue waters creates a truly distinctive and memorable vista. The nearby town of Guatapé, with its brightly painted houses adorned with traditional “zócalos” (bas-relief panels depicting local life and imagery), offers a charming complement to the natural spectacle of the rock.

14. Descend into the Salt Cathedral of Zipaquirá

A short journey from Bogotá lies Zipaquirá, home to a rather extraordinary subterranean sanctuary: the Salt Cathedral. Carved deep within the tunnels of a former salt mine, 200 metres underground, this is not merely a chapel but a significant architectural and artistic achievement. The experience begins as one ventures into the earth, leaving daylight behind for the cool, mineral-scented air of the mine.

The initial passages guide visitors through a series of fourteen small chapels representing the Stations of the Cross, each intricately carved from halite rock and subtly illuminated. These lead to the main cathedral space, comprising three naves that symbolise the birth, life, and death of Christ. The scale is impressive, with towering ceilings and a monumental cross in the main dome, all hewn from salt. The ambient lighting, often employing hues of blue and purple, enhances the otherworldly atmosphere, creating a space that invites contemplation on both human ingenuity and faith. It stands as a testament to the miners’ devotion and artistic skill, transforming an industrial space into a place of profound spiritual and aesthetic resonance.

15. Go White-Water Rafting in San Gil

San Gil, nestled in the Santander department, has earned a well-deserved reputation as Colombia’s foremost hub for adventure sports. Among its most popular offerings is white-water rafting, drawing enthusiasts to its spirited rivers. The Río Fonce, flowing directly through the town, provides a suitable introduction for beginners and families, with Class II and III rapids that offer a pleasing balance of excitement and accessibility.

For those seeking a more intense challenge, the Río Suárez presents a more formidable course, with powerful Class IV and V rapids demanding greater skill and teamwork. Regardless of the chosen river, reputable local outfitters provide experienced guides and necessary safety equipment, ensuring that the focus remains on the exhilaration of navigating the churning waters amidst lush riverine scenery. The experience is one of dynamic engagement with the natural force of the river, fostering a sense of camaraderie among participants as they paddle through the waves and drops.

16. Paraglide Over Chicamocha Canyon

The Chicamocha Canyon, or Cañón del Chicamocha, is one of South America’s most significant natural landmarks, a vast and deeply incised chasm that stretches for over 200 kilometres. Its dramatic scale and rugged beauty provide a spectacular backdrop for paragliding, an activity that allows one to appreciate its grandeur from a unique aerial perspective.

Tandem flights with certified instructors are readily available, making the experience accessible even to those with no prior paragliding experience. After a running start from a hillside launch point, one is lifted by the thermal currents, soaring gracefully above the immense canyon. The views are quite remarkable: the Chicamocha River snakes far below, and the sheer, multi-toned canyon walls extend as far as the eye can see. It is an opportunity to feel a sense of freedom and quiet exhilaration, observing the intricate patterns of the landscape from a bird’s-eye view. The consistent updrafts in the canyon make it a particularly favoured location for this airborne pursuit.

Unveiling Ancient Mysteries and Deep Jungle

17. Trek to the Lost City (Ciudad Perdida)

Deep within the verdant folds of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta mountains lies Ciudad Perdida, the “Lost City” of the Tayrona people. Predating even Machu Picchu by several centuries, this archaeological marvel remained hidden from the outside world until the 1970s. Reaching it is an undertaking of considerable merit, typically involving a challenging multi-day trek (usually four to five days) through dense jungle, across rivers, and up steep inclines. This journey is as much a part of the experience as the destination itself, offering an intimate encounter with the region’s rich biodiversity and the enduring cultures of the indigenous communities who still inhabit these sacred lands.

The path, often muddy and demanding, tests one’s resilience but rewards with unparalleled natural beauty and a profound sense of accomplishment. Upon arrival, a series of stone terraces, plazas, and pathways emerge from the jungle, testament to a sophisticated pre-Columbian civilization. Exploring these ancient structures, enveloped by the sounds of the rainforest, offers a unique window into a distant past. This trek is more than an adventure; it is a pilgrimage through time, facilitated by local guides who share their knowledge and connection to this extraordinary site.

18. Immerse Yourself in the Amazon Rainforest (Leticia)

Leticia, Colombia’s southernmost town, serves as a vibrant gateway to the immense and awe-inspiring Amazon rainforest. Situated where Colombia, Brazil, and Peru converge, this region offers an unparalleled opportunity to immerse oneself in one of the planet’s most vital and biodiverse ecosystems. From Leticia, excursions venture deep into the jungle, revealing a world teeming with life. Navigating the labyrinthine waterways by boat, one might encounter playful pink river dolphins, observe diverse primate species, and marvel at the sheer variety of avian life, whose calls form the constant soundtrack of the forest.

Guided jungle walks, whether by day or under the cloak of night, unveil the intricate web of flora and fauna, from colossal trees to delicate orchids and elusive nocturnal creatures. Visits to indigenous communities provide insight into traditional ways of life, sustainable practices, and the profound spiritual connection between people and the rainforest. An Amazonian sojourn is a humbling experience, fostering a deep appreciation for the delicate balance of nature and the urgent need for its preservation. It is an invitation to listen to the whispers of the wild and to witness the raw, untamed beauty of this extraordinary part of the world.

19. Explore San Agustín Archaeological Park

In the southern department of Huila, the San Agustín Archaeological Park stands as a profound testament to a mysterious pre-Columbian culture that flourished between the 1st and 8th centuries AD. A UNESCO World Heritage site, it is home to the largest collection of megalithic religious monuments and funerary sculptures in South America. Hundreds of imposing statues, carved from volcanic stone, are scattered across rolling green hills, depicting deities, sacred animals, and warrior figures, their expressions often enigmatic and powerful.

Wandering through the park’s various sectors, such as the Mesitas and the Fuente de Lavapatas (a ceremonial bathing complex carved into a stream bed), is a journey into a world shrouded in mystery. The exact purpose and meaning behind many of these intricate carvings remain subjects of scholarly debate, adding to the site’s allure. The artistry and scale of these works, created with rudimentary tools, speak to a highly developed society with complex spiritual beliefs. San Agustín offers not just a glimpse into an ancient civilization, but also a space for contemplation on the enduring human quest for meaning and expression through art.

Unique Colombian Cultural Encounters

20. Play Tejo: Colombia’s Explosive National Sport

Colombia’s cultural tapestry extends beyond its vibrant music and renowned coffee; it includes unique traditions such as Tejo, the country’s national sport. This game, with roots stretching back to pre-Columbian indigenous communities, offers a rather singular and spirited glimpse into local camaraderie and a pastime that resonates with a distinct local flavour.

The premise of Tejo is deceptively simple: participants throw a weighted steel disc, known as a ‘tejo’, across an alley (typically around 18 metres long) towards a clay-covered board or box. Embedded within this clay target are small, triangular paper packets filled with gunpowder, called ‘mechas’. The objective is to strike these mechas with the tejo, producing a distinct, sharp explosion – a sound that punctuates the lively atmosphere of a Tejo hall and signals a successful hit. Points are awarded for proximity to the centre ring, direct hits on the mechas, and other specific achievements.

More than just a competitive sport, playing Tejo is a deeply ingrained social ritual. It is commonly enjoyed amongst friends and colleagues, often accompanied by local beer and animated conversation, making it a lively and engaging group activity. The experience is less about refined athletic prowess and more about participation, shared laughter, and the satisfying crack of a successful hit. It provides an unvarnished look into an authentic Colombian pastime, far removed from conventional tourist attractions, offering a genuine connection to local life.

Dedicated Tejo halls, or ‘canchas de tejo’, can be found throughout the country, particularly in Bogotá and the Andean regions, often unassuming establishments bustling with local enthusiasts. Engaging in a game of Tejo is to partake in a tradition that has been passed down through generations, offering a memorable and genuinely Colombian cultural immersion. While the sudden explosions might initially startle the uninitiated, the convivial spirit of the game and the warmth of its participants are undeniably infectious, making it an experience well worth seeking out for those wishing to connect with the country’s unique heritage.